The **2114-R** typically refers to a specific variant of the **2114 Static RAM (SRAM)** chip. This component was a staple in 8-bit computing history, used extensively in systems like the Commodore 64 (color RAM), arcade games, and early microprocessor kits. The suffix "-R" often denotes a specific speed grade or a "Relaxed/Low Power" specification depending on the manufacturer (such as Synertek, Intel, or MOS Technology). --- ### 1. Technical Specifications The 2114 is a 4096-bit (4 Kbit) Static RAM organized as **1024 words × 4 bits**. | Parameter | Specification | | :--- | :--- | | **Organization** | 1024 x 4 bits | | **Technology** | NMOS (N-channel Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) | | **Pin Count** | 18-pin DIP (Dual In-line Package) | | **Supply Voltage** | +5V (Single Power Supply) | | **Common Access Times** | 200ns, 250ns, 300ns, or 450ns | | **Power Consumption** | Typical ~400mW to 700mW | --- ### 2. Pinout Configuration The chip uses an 18-pin layout designed for easy interfacing with 8-bit data buses. | Pin Number | Label | Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | 1 - 7 | A0 - A6 | Address Inputs (Lower 7 bits) | | 8 | /CS | Chip Select (Active Low) | | 9 | GND | Ground | | 10 | /WE | Write Enable (Active Low) | | 11 - 14 | I/O 1 - 4 | Data Input/Output | | 15 - 17 | A7 - A9 | Address Inputs (Upper 3 bits) | | 18 | Vcc | +5V Power Supply | --- ### 3. Key Operational Characteristics #### A. Static Nature Unlike DRAM (Dynamic RAM), the 2114 is **Static**. This means it does not require a refresh cycle to maintain data as long as power is applied. This simplifies the timing circuitry required on the motherboard. #### B. The 4-Bit Data Bus Since the chip is 4 bits wide, most 8-bit computer systems used these in **pairs**. * **Chip 1:** Handles the lower nibble (bits 0-3). * **Chip 2:** Handles the upper nibble (bits 4-7). #### C. Power and Heat The "R" versions or newer NMOS iterations were often designed to run slightly cooler than the original Intel 2114. However, NMOS technology is generally inefficient by modern standards and can become quite warm during operation. --- ### 4. Modern Replacements If you are repairing vintage hardware and cannot find an original 2114-R, you can often use: 1. **NTE2114**: A common general replacement. 2. **6114**: A CMOS version that consumes significantly less power and runs cooler. 3. **Modern Adapters**: Small PCB shim boards that allow a single 6116 (2KB SRAM) to emulate two 2114 chips. ---