It appears you are referring to the **NETSAT-SWH**, which typically refers to the **Satellite Subsystem (SWH - SoftWare/HardWare)** architecture used in modular nanosatellites or the **NETSAT** formation-flying mission. In these systems, the electronic components are categorized into several critical subsystems. --- ### 1. Main Electronic Subsystems The electronics of a NETSAT-type satellite are usually built on a **PC/104 stack** or a similar modular bus. | Subsystem | Key Electronic Components | Function | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **OBC (On-Board Computer)** | Microcontrollers (ARM/Cortex), Flash Memory, RAM | Manages data, executes flight software, and controls timing. | | **ADCS (Attitude Control)** | Magnetorquers, Reaction Wheels, IMUs, Star Trackers | Controls the physical orientation and stabilization of the satellite. | | **EPS (Power System)** | Solar cells, Li-ion Batteries, Buck/Boost Converters | Manages power harvesting, storage, and distribution (3.3V, 5V, 12V). | | **COMMS (Communication)** | RF Transceivers, S-Band/UHF Antennas, Amplifiers | Facilitates telemetry (sending data) and telecommand (receiving instructions). | --- ### 2. Specialized "SWH" Components (Interfacing) The "SWH" aspect often focuses on how hardware interfaces with software. Key electronic parts include: * **Bus Controllers:** Usually **I2C, SPI, or CAN-bus** controllers that allow the OBC to talk to sensors and actuators. * **FPGA/CPLD:** Field Programmable Gate Arrays are often used for high-speed signal processing or managing the inter-satellite link (ISL). * **Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC):** These translate raw sensor voltages (from thermistors or sun sensors) into digital data for the software to process. --- ### 3. Electronic Design Characteristics Satellite electronics must be designed with specific constraints in mind: 1. **Radiation Hardening:** Use of Rad-Hard components or "Watchdog" circuits to reset the system if a cosmic ray causes a "bit flip." 2. **Thermal Protection:** Integration of heaters and thermal sensors to keep sensitive electronics within operating ranges (-20°C to +70°C). 3. **Redundancy:** Dual-string electronics where a secondary "cold" backup can take over if the primary board fails. --- ### 4. Communication Protocol Example To understand how these parts interact, consider this simplified communication flow: ```c // Pseudo-code for an electronic polling sequence void loop() { float batteryVoltage = Read_ADC(CHANNEL_EPS); // Read from Power Board if (batteryVoltage < 3.5) { Enter_Low_Power_Mode(); // Soft-Hard interface } Transmit_Telemetry(batteryVoltage); // Send to RF Transceiver } ```