The **TSOP993** series belongs to a family of miniaturized IR receiver modules designed for infrared remote control systems. These components integrate a PIN photodiode and a preamplifier on a single lead frame. --- ### 1. Key Technical Specifications The TSOP993 is known for its high sensitivity and resistance against ambient light noise. | Parameter | Value / Range | | :--- | :--- | | **Supply Voltage ($V_S$)** | 2.0 V to 3.6 V | | **Supply Current ($I_S$)** | 0.35 mA to 0.45 mA | | **Carrier Frequency** | 30 kHz to 56 kHz (depends on variant) | | **Transmission Distance** | Up to 40 meters | | **Directivity** | $\pm 45^\circ$ (Half angle) | --- ### 2. Internal Functional Blocks The device is more than just a light sensor; it is a complete "system-on-a-chip" for IR signal processing: 1. **PIN Photodiode:** Converts infrared light pulses into electrical current. 2. **Preamplifier:** Boosts the weak signal from the photodiode. 3. **Automatic Gain Control (AGC):** Adjusts sensitivity to filter out continuous noise (like fluorescent lights). 4. **Band Pass Filter:** Only allows specific frequencies (e.g., 38kHz) to pass through. 5. **Demodulator:** Removes the carrier frequency and outputs a clean digital square wave. --- ### 3. Pin Configuration The TSOP993 typically uses a 3-pin surface mount (SMD) package layout. | Pin Number | Name | Function | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | 1 | **OUT** | Demodulated digital output (Active Low) | | 2 | **GND** | Ground connection | | 3 | **$V_S$** | Power supply (2.0V - 3.6V) | --- ### 4. Application Circuit Example To ensure stable operation, a basic RC filter is recommended for the power supply line to suppress ripples. ```cpp // Typical Schematic Representation // [VS] ----[ 100 Ohm Resistor ]----+---- (Pin 3 TSOP993) // | // [ 4.7uF Capacitor ] // | // [GND] ---------------------------+---- (Pin 2 TSOP993) // [MCU Input] <------------------------- (Pin 1 TSOP993) ``` --- ### 5. Benefits of the TSOP993 Series * **Low Power Consumption:** Ideal for battery-operated devices. * **Internal Filter:** Provides high immunity against "optical noise" (e.g., sunlight or LCD backlight interference). * **Small Footprint:** Designed for modern, thin consumer electronics like smart TVs and soundbars.