CSR33B565JS datasheet(77/84 Pages) KEMET

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9. WORKING VOLTAGE

This is the maximum recommended peak DC operat-

ing voltage for continuous duty at or below 85°C without

DC voltage surges or AC ripple superimposed. No voltage

derating is required below 85°C. Capacitors may be oper-

ated to 125°C with working voltage linearly derated to 2/3

of the 85°C rating at 125°C as shown in Figure 6.

10. SURGE VOLTAGE

Surge voltage is defined as the maximum voltage to

which the capacitor should be subjected under transient

conditions, including peak AC ripple and all DC transients.

TABLE 1

Surge Voltage Ratings

A typical surge voltage test is performed at +85°C

with the applicable surge voltage per Table 1. The surge

voltage is applied for 1000 cycles of 30 seconds on volt-

age through a 33 ohm series resistor and 30 seconds off

voltage with the capacitor discharged through a 33 ohm

resistor. Upon completing the test, the capacitors are

allowed to stabilize at room temperature. Capacitance, DF,

and DCL are then tested:

The DCL should not exceed the initial 25°C limit.

The capacitance should be within ±10% of initial

value.

The DF should not exceed the initial 25°C limit.

11. REVERSE VOLTAGE

Although these are polar capacitors, some degree of

transient voltage reversal is permissible, as seen below.

The capacitors should not be operated continuously in

reverse mode, even within these limits.

TABLE 2

Reverse Voltage Ratings

12. EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR)

Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) is the preferred

high-frequency statement of the resistance unavoidably

appearing in these capacitors. ESR is not a pure resis-

tance, and it decreases with increasing frequency. Typical

ESR limits are established in each specific product series.

However, the ESR limits provided are for reference only,

and are not necessarily the actual value that a particular

Series product will attain.

Total impedance of the capacitor is the vector sum of

capacitive reactance (X

C) and ESR, below resonance;

above resonance total impedance is the vector sum of

inductive reactance (X

L) and ESR.

To understand the many elements of a capacitor, see

Figure 8.

A capacitor is a complex impedance consisting of

many series and parallel elements, each adding to the

complexity of the measurement system.

L — Represents lead wire and construction induc-

tance. In most instances (especially in solid tantalum and

KEMET

APPLICATION NOTES FOR TANTALUM CAPACITORS

KEMET Electronics Corporation, P.O. Box 5928, Greenville, S.C. 29606 (864) 963-6300

-75

Figure 6.

Temperature -

°C

150

125

100

-50

-25

+25

+50

+75

+100 +125

Working Voltage Change with Temperature

DC Working

15/

Voltage @ 85°C

2 3 4 6 10 16 20 25 35 50 60 75 100 125

Surge Voltage

@ 85°C

2.6 4 5.3 8 13 20 26 33 46 65 78 98 130 140

Percentage of

Temperature, °C.

Rated Voltage

+25

+85

+125

ESR

Figure 7a

Total Impedance of the Capacitor

Below Resonance

XC =

πfC

1 ohm

where:

f = frequency, Hertz

C = capacity, Farad

ESR

Figure 7b

Total Impedance of the Capacitor

Above Resonance

XL = 2πfL

where:

f = frequency, Hertz

L = inductance, Henries

Figure 8.

The Real Capacitor

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