HT46R016 datasheet(13/91 Pages) HOLTEK

13 / 91 page

Rev. 1.00

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HT46R016/HT46R017

Enhanced A/D 8-Bit OTP MCU

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Instruction Fetching

Program Counter – PC

During program execution, the Program Counter is used to keep track of the address of the

next instruction to be executed. It is automatically incremented by one each time an instruction

is executed except for instructions, such as “JMP” or “CALL” that demand a jump to a

non-consecutive Program Memory address. It must be noted that only the lower 8 bits, known as the

Program Counter Low Register, are directly addressable by user.

When executing instructions requiring jumping to non-consecutive addresses such as a jump

instruction, a subroutine call, interrupt or reset, etc, the microcontroller manages program control

by loading the required address into the Program Counter. For conditional skip instructions, once

the condition has been met, the next instruction, which has already been fetched during the present

instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle takes its place while the correct instruction is

obtained.

Device

Program Counter

Program Counter High Byte

PCL Register

HT4�R01�

PC9� PC8

PCL7~PCL0

HT4�R017

PC10~PC8

The lower byte of the Program Counter, known as the Program Counter Low register or PCL, is

available for program control and is a readable and writeable register. By transferring data directly

into this register, a short program jump can be executed directly. However, as only this low byte is

available for manipulation, the jumps are limited in the present page of memory, which have 256

locations. When such program jumps are executed it should also be noted that a dummy cycle will

be inserted.

The lower byte of the Program Counter is fully accessible under program control. Manipulating the

PCL might cause program branching, so an extra cycle is needed to pre-fetch. Further information

on the PCL register can be found in the Special Function Register section.

Stack

This is a special part of the memory which is used to save the contents of the Program Counter

only. The stack is neither part of the data nor part of the program space, and is neither readable nor

writeable. The activated level is indexed by the Stack Pointer, and is neither readable nor writeable.

At a subroutine call or interrupt acknowledge signal, the contents of the Program Counter are pushed

onto the stack. At the end of a subroutine or an interrupt routine, signaled by a return instruction,

RET or RETI, the Program Counter is restored to its previous value from the stack. After a device

reset, the Stack Pointer will point to the top of the stack.

HT46R016 数据表(PDF) 13 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc

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