AD5160BRJ5-R2 datasheet(12/16 Pages) AD

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AD5160

Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 16

OPERATION

The AD5160 is a 256-position digitally controlled variable

resistor (VR) device.

An internal power-on preset places the wiper at midscale

during power-on, which simplifies the fault condition recovery

at power-up.

PROGRAMMING THE VARIABLE RESISTOR

Rheostat Operation

The nominal resistance of the RDAC between terminals A and

B is available in 5 kΩ, 10 kΩ, 50 kΩ, and 100 kΩ. The final two

or three digits of the part number determine the nominal

resistance value, e.g., 10 kΩ = 10; 50 kΩ = 50. The nominal

resistance (RAB) of the VR has 256 contact points accessed by

the wiper terminal, plus the B terminal contact. The 8-bit data

in the RDAC latch is decoded to select one of the 256 possible

settings. Assume a 10 kΩ part is used, the wiper’s first

connection starts at the B terminal for data 0x00. Since there is a

60 Ω wiper contact resistance, such connection yields a

minimum of 60 Ω resistance between terminals W and B. The

second connection is the first tap point, which corresponds to

99 Ω (RWB = RAB/256 + RW = 39 Ω + 60 Ω) for data 0x01.

The third connection is the next tap point, representing 177 Ω

(2 × 39 Ω + 60 Ω) for data 0x02, and so on. Each LSB data value

increase moves the wiper up the resistor ladder until the last tap

point is reached at 9961 Ω (RAB – 1 LSB + RW). Figure 38 shows

a simplified diagram of the equivalent RDAC circuit where the

last resistor string will not be accessed; therefore, there is 1 LSB

less of the nominal resistance at full scale in addition to the

wiper resistance.

RDAC

LATCH

AND

DECODER

Figure 38. AD5160 Equivalent RDAC Circuit

The general equation determining the digitally programmed

output resistance between W and B is

256

)

(

(1)

where

D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code loaded in

the 8-bit RDAC register,

RAB is the end-to-end resistance, and

RW is the wiper resistance contributed by the on resistance of

the internal switch.

In summary, if RAB = 10 kΩ and the A terminal is open

circuited, the following output resistance RWB will be set for the

indicated RDAC latch codes.

Table 6. Codes and Corresponding RWB Resistance

D (Dec.)

RWB (Ω)

Output State

255

9,961

Full Scale (RAB – 1 LSB + RW)

128

5,060

Midscale

1 LSB

Zero Scale (Wiper Contact Resistance)

Note that in the zero-scale condition a finite wiper resistance of

60 Ω is present. Care should be taken to limit the current flow

between W and B in this state to a maximum pulse current of

no more than 20 mA. Otherwise, degradation or possible

destruction of the internal switch contact can occur.

Similar to the mechanical potentiometer, the resistance of the

RDAC between the wiper W and terminal A also produces a

digitally controlled complementary resistance RWA. When these

terminals are used, the B terminal can be opened. Setting the

resistance value for RWA starts at a maximum value of resistance

and decreases as the data loaded in the latch increases in value.

The general equation for this operation is

−

256

)

(

(2)

For RAB = 10 kΩ and the B terminal open circuited, the

following output resistance RWA will be set for the indicated

RDAC latch codes.

Table 7. Codes and Corresponding RWA Resistance

D (Dec.)

RWA (Ω)

Output State

255

Full Scale

128

5,060

Midscale

9,961

1 LSB

10,060

Zero Scale

Typical device to device matching is process lot dependent and

may vary by up to ±30%. Since the resistance element is

processed in thin film technology, the change in RAB with

temperature has a very low 45 ppm/°C temperature coefficient.

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