Data Sheet

AD9953

Rev. B | Page 25 of 32

SYSCLK

SYNC_CLK

I/O UPDATE

DATA IN

I/O BUFFERS

DATA IN

REGISTERS

A

B

A

B

DATA 1

DATA 2

DATA 3

DATA 0

DATA 1

DATA 2

THE DEVICE REGISTERS AN I/O UPDATE AT POINT A. THE DATA IS TRANSFERRED FROM THE I/O BUFFERS AT POINT B.

Figure 22. I/O Synchronization Timing Diagram

Synchronizing Multiple AD9953s

The AD9953 allows easy synchronization of multiple AD9953s.

There are three modes of synchronization available to the user:

an automatic synchronization mode, a software controlled

manual synchronization mode, and a hardware controlled

manual synchronization mode. In all cases, when a user wants

to synchronize two or more devices, the following considera-

tions must be observed. First, all units must share a common

clock source. Trace lengths and path impedance of the clock

tree must be designed to keep the phase delay of the different

clock branches as closely matched as possible. Second, the I/O

UPDATE signal’s rising edge must be provided synchronously

to all devices in the system. Finally, regardless of the internal

synchronization method used, the DVDD_I/O supply should

be set to 3.3 V for all devices that are to be synchronized.

AVDD and DVDD should be left at 1.8 V.

In automatic synchronization mode, one device is chosen as a

master; the other device(s) will be slaved to this master. When

configured in this mode, the slaves will automatically synchron-

ize their internal clocks to the SYNC_CLK output signal of the

master device. To enter automatic synchronization mode, set

the slave device’s automatic synchronization bit (CFR1<23> =

1). Connect the SYNC_IN input(s) to the master SYNC_CLK

output. The slave device will continuously update the phase

relationship of its SYNC_CLK until it is in phase with the

SYNC_IN input, which is the SYNC_CLK of the master device.

When attempting to synchronize devices running at SYSCLK

speeds beyond 250 MSPS, the high speed sync enhancement

enable bit should be set (CFR2<11> = 1).

In software manual synchronization mode, the user forces the

device to advance the SYNC_CLK rising edge one SYSCLK

cycle (1/4 SYNC_CLK period). To activate the manual

synchronization mode, set the slave device’s software manual

synchronization bit (CFR1<22> = 1). The bit (CFR1<22>) will be

cleared immediately. To advance the rising edge of the SYNC_CLK

multiple times, this bit will need to be set multiple times.

In hardware manual synchronization mode, the SYNC_IN

input pin is configured such that it will now advance the rising

edge of the SYNC_CLK signal each time the device detects a

rising edge on the SYNC_IN pin. To put the device into hard-

ware manual synchronization mode, set the hardware manual

synchronization bit (CFR2<10> = 1). Unlike the software

manual synchronization bit, this bit does not self clear. Once the

hardware manual synchronization mode is enabled, all rising

edges detected on the SYNC_IN input will cause the device to

advance the rising edge of the SYNC_CLK by one SYSCLK

cycle until this enable bit is cleared (CFR2<10> = 0).

Using a Single Crystal to Drive Multiple AD9953 Clock

Inputs

The AD9953 crystal oscillator output signal is available on the

CRYSTAL OUT pin, enabling one crystal to drive multiple

AD9953s. In order to drive multiple AD9953s with one crystal,

the CRYSTAL OUT pin of the AD9953 using the external crystal

should be connected to the REFCLK input of the other AD9953.

The CRYSTAL OUT pin is static until the CFR2<9> bit is set,

enabling the output. The drive strength of the CRYSTAL OUT

pin is typically very low, so this signal should be buffered prior

to using it to drive any loads.

SERIAL PORT OPERATION

With the AD9953, the instruction byte specifies read/write

operation and the register address. Serial operations on the

AD9953 occur only at the register level, not the byte level. For

the AD9953, the serial port controller recognizes the instruc-

tion byte register address and automatically generates the

proper register byte address. In addition, the controller expects

that all bytes of that register will be accessed. It is required that

all bytes of a register be accessed during serial I/O operations,

with one exception. The IOSYNC function can be used to abort

an I/O operation, thereby allowing some, but not all bytes to be

accessed.