ST68C554 datasheet(18/40 Pages) EXAR

18 / 40 page

ST16C554/554D/68C554

Rev. 3.10

Note *5: The value between the square brackets

represents the registers initialized HEX value.

Transmit (THR) and Receive (RHR) Holding Reg-

isters

The serial transmitter section consists of an 8-bit

Transmit Hold Register (THR) and Transmit Shift

the Line Status Register (LSR). Writing to the THR

transfers the contents of the data bus (D7-D0) to the

THR, providing that the THR or TSR is empty. The

THR empty flag in the LSR register will be set to a logic

1 when the transmitter is empty or when data is

transferred to the TSR. Note that a write operation can

be performed when the transmit holding register

empty flag is set (logic 0 = FIFO full, logic 1= at least

one FIFO location available).

The serial receive section also contains an 8-bit

Receive Holding Register, RHR. Receive data is

removed from the 554D and receive FIFO by reading

the RHR register. The receive section provides a

mechanism to prevent false starts. On the falling edge

of a start or false start bit, an internal receiver counter

starts counting clocks at 16x clock rate. After 7 1/2

clocks the start bit time should be shifted to the center

of the start bit. At this time the start bit is sampled and

if it is still a logic 0 it is validated. Evaluating the start

bit in this manner prevents the receiver from assem-

bling a false character. Receiver status codes will be

posted in the LSR.

Interrupt Enable Register (IER)

The Interrupt Enable Register (IER) masks the inter-

rupts from receiver ready, transmitter empty, line

status and modem status registers. These interrupts

would normally be seen on the INT A-D output pins in

the 16 mode, or on WIRE-OR IRQ output pin, in the 68

mode.

IER Vs Receive FIFO Interrupt Mode Operation

When the receive FIFO (FCR BIT-0 = a logic 1) and

receive interrupts (IER BIT-0 = logic 1) are enabled,

the receive interrupts and register status will reflect

the following:

A) The receive data available interrupts are issued to

the external CPU when the FIFO has reached the

programmed trigger level. It will be cleared when the

FIFO drops below the programmed trigger level.

B) FIFO status will also be reflected in the user

accessible ISR register when the FIFO trigger level is

reached. Both the ISR register status bit and the

interrupt will be cleared when the FIFO drops below

the trigger level.

C) The data ready bit (LSR BIT-0) is set as soon as a

character is transferred from the shift register to the

receive FIFO. It is reset when the FIFO is empty.

IER Vs Receive/Transmit FIFO Polled Mode Op-

eration

When FCR BIT-0 equals a logic 1; resetting IER bits

0-3 enables the 554D in the FIFO polled mode of

operation. Since the receiver and transmitter have

separate bits in the LSR either or both can be used in

the polled mode by selecting respective transmit or

receive control bit(s).

A) LSR BIT-0 will be a logic 1 as long as there is one

byte in the receive FIFO.

B) LSR BIT 1-4 will provide the type of errors encoun-

tered, if any.

C) LSR BIT-5 will indicate when the transmit FIFO is

empty.

D) LSR BIT-6 will indicate when both the transmit

FIFO and transmit shift register are empty.

E) LSR BIT-7 will indicate any FIFO data errors.

IER BIT-0:

This interrupt will be issued when the FIFO has

reached the programmed trigger level or is cleared

when the FIFO drops below the trigger level in the

FIFO mode of operation.

Logic 0 = Disable the receiver ready interrupt. (normal

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