300-R010-45G datasheet(4/36 Pages) MAGNETROL

4 / 36 page

MEASUREMENT RANGE CALCULATIONS, cont.

Operating Parameter

Condition

Performance

Application

Multiplier

SURFACE AGITATION: Surface agitation or waves can degrade the

Smooth, glasslike surface

1.0

performance. Moderate agitation results in only slight degradation

Slight agitation, choppiness

0.9

of performance. The worst case is when the surface is a good

Heavy agitation

0.8

reflector, but in the wrong direction. (See also transducer alignment.)

Slight vortex (6°)

0.7

VAPORS AND STEAM: Vapors in the air space, above the process,

become apparent, and cause problems when the liquid process

No condensation

1.0

temperature is well above the temperature of the airspace. The

greater the difference, the more expected vapor problems. The

problems result from condensation or layering in the sound path,

both of which attenuate the sound signal, degrading performance.

Little condensation

0.9

Avoid steam if possible.

To avoid these problems, ensure that the vessel is insulated so that

vapors are less likely to condense. If a vent is used, be sure that the

Much condensation/

0.8

vent, which is where condensation will form, is well away from the

foggy appearance

transducer.

BEAM SPREAD INTERFERENCE: It is strongly recommended that

No interference

1.0

nothing be allowed within the transducer’s beam, except the liquid

which is being monitored. Often, the signal from the liquid will be

Agitator at speed less than 60 RPM

1.0

strong, compared to the signal from other sources, such as ladder

rungs, filling process material, support struts, etc. For that reason,

Agitator at speed greater than 60 RPM

Consult

some applications may provide satisfactory results, even with

Factory

interference. Interference from agitator blades is only an intermittent

interference that usually has little effect on performance.

Interference outside 4°, far from

0.8

It is recommended there be no interference within the 6° half angle

transducer (in bottom third of range)

of the transducer beam. If interference is unavoidable, make the inter-

ference as far as possible from the transducer so that the real signal

Interference outside 4°, near to

0.5

at the longest distance is stronger than the interference signal.

transducer (in top third of range)

TRANSDUCER ALIGNMENT: Optimum performance is obtained when

Beam perpendicular to liquid surface

1.0

the transducer is perfectly aligned. If the process is not perpendicular

to the sound beam, the sound will not reflect properly back to the

transducer. The effect is significant.

Beam 4° off from perpendicular

0.5

FOAM: Even small thicknesses of foam can attenuate the ultrasound

No foam

1.0

and render the system inoperative. If possible, moving the transducer

Light froth, less than 0.25" thick

0.8

to an area in the tank where there is less foam will improve the

performance. Thick, heavy-density foams can sometimes produce

Light foam, less than 0.5" thick

0.5

a reflection from the top of the foam. The multipliers shown at right

Light foam, more than 1" thick

0.1

are general guidelines. For further assistance consult the factory.

DUST: Dust attenuates the sound and results in poor performance.

No dust

1.0

Even barely perceptible haze in the air can cause significant

Haze, barely perceptible

0.7

attenuation.

Slight dust

0.4

Heavy dust

0.1

AIR MOVEMENT: The movement of air, as possible in an open top

No air movement

1.0

vessel, can create a layer from which the sound will reflect. This will

Open vessel, but transducer below rim

0.8

be most noticeable in applications where vapors or steam tend to

form.

Open air movement in sound path

0.7

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE: The ambient temperature can have a

-20° to +140° F (-29° to +50° C)

1.0

significant effect on the sound and on the transducer’s capability to

-40° to -20° F (-40° to -29° C)

0.9

transmit and receive sound. The most noticeable effect on the

transducer is at the temperature extremes.

+140° to +160° F (+50 to +70° C)

0.9

PRESSURE: Sound requires air molecules to be able to travel. Sound

-10 to +50 psig (0.689 to +3.45 Bar)

1.0

will not travel in a vacuum. Likewise, higher pressures will allow

the sound to continue without decay, which can cause problems with

Pressures outside above rating

Consult

multiple echoes.

Factory

Multiply all values together in the application column

Maximum Potential Range for Model 300/301

X 30'

Maximum allowable measurement range for this application

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